A Research Study On Starbucks Cafes Essay - 1700 Words

Purpose of The Study The purpose of this qualitative observational study is to uncover common characteristics and themes that are drawn individuals to visit and spend time in Starbucks cafes? Generally, people believe that Starbucks cafà ©s are used as meeting places and remote workspaces to achieve productivity, while enjoying coffee. (Loudenback, 2016) Starbucks cafà ©s over the years have spread throughout major U.S. cities and metropolitan areas. Through observation, the data will gather by documenting the activities, interactions, and reactions of participants (customers and staff) using rich thick descriptions to identify common themes or trends to understand the success of Starbucks cafà ©s. The observation process used is largely investigative, where the researcher gradually makes sense of this social phenomenon by contrasting, comparing, replicating, cataloguing and classifying the objects of this study. (Creswell, 2013) Setting and Actors The observational study was conducted between 6:36PM and 7:36PM on October 5, 2016 at a Starbuck’s Cafà © in Northeast New Jersey. The location in set along a busy highway that sees travelers from New York City and neighboring city such as Hackensack, Teaneck, and Ridgefield Park. The cafà © has been in operations for over five years and serves a working-class community. Majority of the business that are nearby include, car dealerships, restaurants, and small businesses. The primary actors in this study are general consumers that visit theShow MoreRelatedWorld s Greatest Cafe Organization1479 Words   |  6 PagesProblem statement and background World s greatest cafà © organization with more than 21,000 stores around the world. The Starbucks is the second Most Profitable Brand in Fast Food Industry Brand Estimation of $ 25.8 Billion. Starbucks entered Australia in 2000 yet has attempted to contend with set up chains, for example, McCafà ©, Gloria jeans, and autonomous cafà ©s reported the Sydney Morning Messenger. While McDonald s has been attempting to extend its espresso business in the U.S., it has as of nowRead MoreWhy Students Are Addicted To Starbucks?1256 Words   |  6 PagesUrbana-Champaign were addicted to Starbucks. Most of them consumed two to three cups of coffee per day and spend an average of $16 - $25 dollars per week in Starbucks. This was at stake because students can be drown into debt because of their overspending in Starbucks. Also, drinking too much coffee can lead to stomach problems and other debilitating illnesses that cloud the mind and make the body sluggish. 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It is frequented byRead MoreA Research Study On Coffee Shops1042 Words   |  5 Pagesspecial social atmosphere which offered each person a place for social interaction and a strong connection to community. This ethnographic study will focus on two different coffee shops in my neighborhood and I will document my observations on how these places effect the lives of the individuals who visit them. This ethnographic study will focus on two different coffee shops in my neighborhood and I will provide my observations on how these places effect the lives of theRead MoreThe Starbucks Brandscape and Consumers10413 Words   |  42 PagesThe Starbucks Brandscape and Consumers (Anticorporate) Experiences of Glocalization CRAIG J. THOMPSON ZEYNEP ARSEL* Prior studies strongly suggest that the intersection of global brands and iocal cultures produces cultural heterogeneity. 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So there is the reasonRead MoreStarbucks: A Case Study1718 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ STARBUCKS A venti issue: blending together a solution to satisfy the needs of customers, new and old.† Customer satisfaction is a key component to any successful business, especially one in the coffee industry. Starbucks started as a small coffee shop in Seattle in 1971. Howard Schultz, the chairman and chief global strategist, joined the marketing team in 1982 with a vision—a vision to capture â€Å"the live coffee mantra.†[1] Until the early 2000s, before StarbucksRead MoreCase Study : Ccd Vs. Starbucks Essay2150 Words   |  9 Pages Individual Assignment Case Study: CCD vs Starbucks in India  1. Introduction to the Case Cafà © Coffee Day, the Indian locally brewed coffee chain, started their operation in the southern city of India, Bengaluru, in 1996. V.G. Siddhartha, owner and chairman, Amalgamated Coffee Bean Trading Company, initiated his career as a trader of coffee post the de-regularization of the coffee market in 1993. He then started India’s biggest retail coffee chain – Cafà © Coffee Day (CCD). Since its inception

The Ethics Of Human Cloning Essay - 1927 Words

Somatic nuclear transfer is a process in which an egg cell and a donor nucleus are joined together to create an identical version of the donor. This is a process whereby a clone is created, and this act of reproductive cloning is regarded with controversy; is it morally permissible, or is it morally grotesque. There are certain elements to consider when debating the ethics of human cloning. Leon Kass in his article â€Å"The Wisdom of Repugnance† contends that reproductive cloning is morally corrupt, describing it as offensive, repulsive, and repugnant, believing these terms to be commonly associated with regards to human cloning. Kass goes forth with his arguments by considering three different approaches in support of cloning: 1. The Technological Approach: cloning is seen as a development of previous methods for assisting reproduction. 2. The Liberal Approach: cloning is validated by appeals to rights, freedoms, and empowerments. 3. The Melorist Approach: cloning is substantiated because it promotes human advancement (thus rendering bad genes no longer a concern). In response to all three arguments, Kass believes that they all possess the underlying problem of disregarding the significance of sex, as well as attacking the reality of our identity and the natural way of sexual reproduction; when a couple comes together to create a new being, they experience a certain precious unity that cannot be replicated nor replaced. Some of the problemsShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Human Cloning890 Words   |  4 Pages The ethics of cloning Early in 1997, Scottish scientist Dr. Ian Wilmot revealed to the world that he had successfully cloned an adult sheep, Dolly. With this invention, the world made a aggregate astonishment at the realization that cloning was no longer an aspect of a Science Fiction movie. Since then, human cloning has become one of the most expressing divergent topics in the world, discussions began regarding the ethic consequence of human cloning. In several recent opponents argue thatRead MoreHuman Cloning Ethics1908 Words   |  8 PagesKant and Kass Tackle the Cloning Dilemma Although there are some important benefits to the use of human cloning, there are also moral challenges as well. The benefits include eradicating defective genes and infertility and a quicker recovery from traumatic injuries among other advantages. However, the disadvantages are truly thought provoking as first an individual must answer the question, â€Å"When does a human life begin?† This paper will oppose the use of human cloning on the basis that life beginsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning918 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates about the ethics of in-vitro fertilization, preimplantation, stem cell research, demographic control, for example, by sterilization, genetic modification for health or physical enhancement, and human cloning. The idea of human cloning is most interesting because it is most mysterious and very complex. The topic of human cloning inclusively brings up issues also raised in the mentioned technologies. Human cloning is of two types: therapeutic and reproductive. Therapeutic cloning aims to produceRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning2096 Words   |  9 Pagesbodies, the human race stands easily as one of the most extraordinarily complex and mysterious species in the world. Since the beginning of time our race has been evolving with knowledge, constantly searching for a complete understanding of how we function, and how we can improve ourselves. Through various studies, researchers have thought of ways to modify the human body by means of medication, surgical procedures and other processes. One of these methods is through human reproductive cloning. The veryRead MoreThe Ethics of Human Cloning Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesHuman cloning is separated into two major categories; reproductive cloning, which uses cloning technology to create a human embryo that will produce an entire human, and therapeutic, which adopt cloning into field of medical practices to find a cure for many dis eases (Kass). Reproductive cloning requires a somatic cell, a DNA-less egg, and a surrogate mother; as a result, it creates a new individual with the same genome, or genetic coding. The idea originated in Germany in 1938, but the first successfulRead MoreThe Controversy Concerning The Ethics Of Human Cloning1008 Words   |  5 PagesClones are humans. This statement embodies the crux of the controversy regarding the ethics of human cloning. If clones are humans, then they should receive the same rights as humans who were born ‘naturally’. But how do you determine humanity? The film Never Let Me Go (2010), based on Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel of the same name, helps answer the question â€Å"Should we clone?† by establishing that humanity is more than the way one enters the world and by highlighting the unethical issues that may ariseRead MoreEssay about The Ethics of Human Cloning979 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ethics of Human Cloning In order to make a fully justified decision on whether human cloning is ethical or not, one must be exposed to the background of the subject. To start, a clone is an exact replica of an organism, cell, or gene. The process itself is done asexually with the use of a cell from the original human. It is then placed inside a female capable of bearing a child and is then born as a clone. Along with this comes questions of whether or not it is rightRead MoreThe Cloning Of The Human Genome And With No Standard Line Of Ethics951 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue at hand is that scientists are in a period of enlightenment with the human genome and with no standard line of ethics pertaining to editing human embryos in research development other countries are taking liberty to beat around the bush to explore this concept of eugenics. After the cloning of dolly the goat and China cloning two monkeys without a genetic blood disease through a process called CISPR society are asking the same question. Are scientists taking this too far before it is readyRead MoreEthics of Human Cloning and Genetic Engineering Essay1843 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION When the Roslin Institutes first sheep cloning work was announced in March 1996 the papers were full of speculation about its long-term implications. Because of this discovery, the media’s attention has focused mainly on discussion of the possibility, of cloning humans. In doing so, it has missed the much more immediate impact of this work on how we use animals. Its not certain this would really lead to flocks of cloned lambs in the fields of rural America, or clinically reproducibleRead More The Opposition to Human Cloning: How Morality and Ethics Factor in2864 Words   |  12 PagesThe Opposition to Human Cloning: How Morality and Ethics Factor in If a random individual were asked twenty years ago if he/she believed that science could clone an animal, most would have given a weird look and responded, â€Å"Are you kidding me?† However, that once crazy idea has now become a reality, and with this reality, has come debate after debate about the ethics and morality of cloning. Yet technology has not stopped with just the cloning of animals, but now many scientists are contemplating

Popular Music And Declining Culture Essay Example For Students

Popular Music And Declining Culture Essay The ideas behind high culture, social order, knowledge of familiarity versus formal knowledge, perceptions of our environment, maturity, and significance all center around one broad, yet inescapable foundation, truth. While it sounds trite and clich to say that the human experience is validated through the quest for truth, it is nevertheless, I believe, the core underlying motivation in discussions of social commentary. The readings for this week spanned across a number of diverse topics, but also centered around a certain theme of social construction, or social evolution. In his essay, Culture and Anarchy, Mathew Arnold emphasizes a connection between culture and governed social order. Arnold, who seems to have little objection to coming off as a priggish elitist, suggests that human survival, stability, and flourishing requires the defense of a cultural aristocracy who will protect the society from the infiltration of the Populace into politics, and thus anarchy and social destruction. Leavis takes up this challenge in his essay, Mass Civilisation and Minority Culture by advocating a return to specialization as opposed to standardization, and a persistence to communicate with future generations in light of the pessimism of cultural recovery in an industrial age. MacDonald continues along these lines in his essay, A Theory of Mass Culture by examining specific examples of how kitsch has influenced, and debased various forms of high-culture. Hoggarts essay also examines the decline of substance in mass culture as a frenzy of immediate gratification without consideration for the greater payoffs of contemplation and reservation. Williamss essay, The Analysis of Culture discusses what he sees as the necessary greater social context of what we understand as culture. Williams also believes that culture can not be removed from the immediate setting of surrounding social events, such that communication between generations is always stigmatized by an inevitable degree of disconnection. Generations can only hope to communicate a certain idea, or reflection of what their culture contains to one another. This idea of relativeness in culture is also communicated in the essay by Lippmann. Lippman offers the consideration that our environment is a stage of events that occur as a result of, and are shaped by many peoples interpretation of the world. Lippmann suggests that there will always be a level of discrepancy between how we believe our environment to be and how it actually is. Without an understanding of this discrepancy we can not begin to explain why people do the things they do. Similarly, in his essay, Thick Description: Toward An Interpretive Theory of Culture, Geertz argues that culture is not a causal power, but rather an explanatory context upon which we interpret human events. Parks essay, News As A Form of Knowledge suggests that news is a unique kind of knowledge. Namely, it is a present knowledge. News is not the chronicling of events that history is. Nor is it the rational attempt at explanation that science is. Rather, news seems to be the communication of events that occur in the present that are outside the scope of the ordinary and expected. Careys essay looks at news, and social communication not necessarily as the sterile transmission of facts and figures, but offers a cultural perspective to communication, in that it is a ritual of sharing in communal relationship. Carey argues that our communications not only provide a representation of what our shared reality is, but that it also serves to actually create the environment we experience. The last two selections for reading in the Storey text (the first by Hall and Whannel, the second by Gilroy) both pay particular attention to a specific component of popular culture, popular music. It should, of course, be understood that in this sense we are not referring to a modern genre, but rather a greater category of music for the masses. The essay from Hall and Whannel points out how popular music has had a trend of pandering to a young audience who is over-eager for easily digestible content. In contrast, Gilroy points out how popular music, particularly soul music, has been used in the past for communicating significant political ideas. While perhaps idealistic and offering less actual solutions than inspiring catchy choruses, soul music has been highly contributive in the movement of African-American Civil Rights. .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .postImageUrl , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:hover , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:visited , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:active { border:0!important; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:active , .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979 .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3758e29f4c6f448165aa7abc6bcd6979:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Culture Values: Chapter 13 - The High Renaissance Mannerism in ItalyIt is to this area of modern popular music that I would like to discuss. While I believe that too much emphasis of high-culture can be ultimately detrimental to an elevated human society, I also believe that too little can be equally detrimental. My objective will be to examine the necessity for thoughtful expression in music, while avoiding the snobbish pitfalls of cultural condescension. It seems to me that the new millennium has brought about very little in the way of significantly contributing popular music. A scan across the radio frequencies present one with a genre menu of pop, country-pop, punk, and rap music. Lyrics to modern music tend to focus at the worst on blatant hedonistic sexuality and animosity and at best a droning superficial proclamation of romantic love or friendship. Indeed, the pinnacle performance of this years Super Bowl half-time show was the performance by now notorious Justin Timberlake and Janet Jackson, of I Bet Ill Have You Naked Before This Song Is Through. Popular music has always been saturated by sappy love songs, and these have their place. Romantic love is a powerful and significant aspect of the greater human experience. However, it is not the only aspect. While in past periods such musical content has also been balanced by contemplative expressions of philosophy and politics, it seems that today listeners are hard pressed to find artists that make them think. Where have artists like Neil Young and U2 retreated to, or is it simply that they are a dying breed? Where are the artists that discuss social injustice as did Johnny Cash, and international politics as did the many musicians of the Vietnam era. Where are musicians like Rush and The Police that cause us to question our philosophical perspectives. Although one can see a progression toward dilution, it appears to me that the new millennium has been a relatively distinct demarcation in the state of popular music. Even the overly-self involved attitudes of the 90s grunge scene were more questioning than the music today. At least Eddie Vedder and Kurt Cobain alerted us to the dangers of teenage depression and suicide. At least heavy metal artists like Metallica were angry about something. Today all we find among the new guard is an orgy of sex, cars, drugs, alcohol, and temporal romantic emotionalism. There are a few of the established artists from the last few decades that still produce music with some contributing message, but with the exception of a handful of bands like Coldplay, the industry seems to be void of up-and-coming artists with much at all to say. Whether one assumes that culture (i.e. I will say good-culture, as opposed to high-culture to avoid its condescending associations) is the manifestation of absolutes, or simply necessary in facilitating social evolution, it is imperative that it not be abandoned. I am more optimistic than Arnold and Leavis, in that I believe that the masses can learn to appreciate to a degree the value of good-culture. It is for this reason that I believe that popular music should be recognized for its tremendous potential of communicating good taste. I do not believe that one has to water down good-culture in order for it to be received by the masses. I simply believe that the ideas behind good-culture must be communicated in a non-pedantic way so that the society as a whole can understand the necessity of virtue. Furthermore, we really have no choice. Because of the powerful influence that the masses now have, if we desire to preserve good-culture at all, it will no longer do to simply give the answer, Because I said so. We must explain why virtue is better. We must, as Hall and Whannell state, alert them to the severe limitations and the ephemeral quality of music which is so formula dominated and so directly attuned to the standards set by the commercial market. Cultural aristocracy is going out the window, which I believe is a good thing, but the challenge now is to provide a baseline level of cultural awareness that will empower the people to choose the good for themselves.

Romeo and Juliet Coursework Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet Coursework Essay What have you learnt about characters of Mercutio and Tybalt? As director of the play what instructions would you give to the actors undertaking the roles of Mercutio and Tybalt?In this play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, the characters of Tybalt and Mercutio are crucial to the outcome of the play. Tybalt, a Capulet and Mercutio, a Montague have similar characteristics; they are both take pride in honouring, respecting and protecting their households.The essay will cover the exact importance of the characters Mercutio and Tybalt. Additionally it will focus on how a director would instruct the actors that are undertaking there role.In the play Mercutio is a good friend to Romeo and a very loyal to his family. His character in Romeo and Juliet is a humorous, taunting and brave character. Shakespeare chose the name Mercutio for a reason, to shoe is his name what his character is like. Has his name suggest to people at the start of the play. Mercutio comes from the word Mercuri al, which means, eloquent (to the point), active and Changeable.Mercutio has a lot of pride, he has a reputation to uphold in the play. This is shown mainly in one part of the play ,Act 1 Scene 1. He takes on the invitation to fight, by Tybalt, because Romeo declined.O calm, dishonourable vile submission! alla stoccate carries it away. Tybalt you rat-catcher will you walkThroughout the scene when Romeo declines to fight with Tybalt, because he doesnt want to ruin his relationship with Juliet. Mercutio uses the words alla stoccate meaning rapier thrust which is Tybalts nickname. Mercutio is continuously mounting his rage until he can hold it no more. vile submission. Mercutio fights Tybalt because he thinks it is cowardly and dishonourable towards his house, also it will stain their reputation. He takes the fight for Romeo. He shows a lot of loyalty and respect for Romeo. To uphold his reputation he makes fun of Tybalt when he takes up the fight.Tybalt you rat-catcher will you walkMe rcutio refers to him as a rat-catcher; he does this to take advantage of his name. In the Elizabethan times people would often refer to a cat as a Tyb. So he calls Tybalt a rat-catcher because he has the Victorian word for cat in his name. (Cats catch rats and mouse)After the fight in the play again Mercutio shows his is very cautious of his reputation and what other people think about him. He keeps up his bravery and humourNo tis not so deep as a well, nor so wide as a church door.Mercutio made Romeo and Benvolio think that he was alright, even though he knew he was not. He tries to show no fear of dying as in the Elizabethan times it was considered cowardly. You would also think that he was brave. In this scene, he showed no fear to his friends. In the speech he also says a villain, that fights by the book of arithmetic he is saying a servant that plays by the rule book. In a way he is complimenting him. But also in the Elizabethan times they refer to villains as servants, he is s till keeping up his reputation by having one last jab at him, calling him a servant. Another section of the play Mercutio shows his bravery. Just after Mercutio is stabbed.help me into some house Benvolio, or I will faint. A plague a both your houses! They have made worms meat of me. I have it and soundly too, your houses.He asks Benvolio to help me into some house Benvolio, or I shall faint because it was looked upon as brave in the Elizabethan times. It would stain his reputation if he fainted in front of the public. When he finds out Romeos lame excuse for why he wouldnt fight he said,a plague a both your houses!This shows what he thinks of the two houses. He also says they have made worms meat of me in a way the houses have. Tybalt killed him, he will be buried and in the end he will decompose. Mercutio was really brave in this scene because he wasnt afraid to die, he didnt let the others know he was hurt. Also Shakespeare show another characteristic of Mercutio, humoured. Mercu tio was joking about being stabbed to the point that his friends Romeo and Benvolio didnt think he was too badly hurt. Mercutio says to RomeoAy, ay, a scratch, a scratch, marry, tis enoughShakespeare did this to show that the character believes that his reputation and the respect he has from other people it worth covering a fatal stab wound. So he jokes about his death, he tries to hint to Benvolio and Romeo. ask for me tomorrow and I will be a grave man meaning I will be in a grave tomorrow and fetch me a surgeon he said this sarcastically, but he really meant it. Also after the stabbing he says i am sped sped means done for, killed.Again Shakespeare show his humour when he tells his story or dream of Queen Mab. Within the story he shows his a lot of imagination, but in the end how serious and over the top he can be. The start of his speech he starts of as a humorous tale, he shows he is the ring leader, everyone is listening to him. Then slowly it starts to get very serious up to the end. Mercutio get himself worked up. This relates back to his characternym, he is a mercurial person. One of the definitions is fast changing; he can easily change from one mood to another. Mercutio could become out of control, he could slip in the madness. Also Shakespeare uses imagery in Mercutios speech.Another scene where William Shakespeare shows Mercutios humour and leadership, is when Juliets Nurse desire some confidence with Romeo. When the Nurse come on the scene, Mercutio starts making fun of her.good peter, to hide her face for her fans the fairer faceHe can do this because he is higher in authority than the nurse. Also to the nurse he shows Mercutio as being very taunting provoking to the nurse, in a way being a bully.A sail! A sail! farewell, ancient lady, farewell ladyHe insults the way she looks and the way she dresses, this taunts people. Taunt meaning wound, jeering or mocking them. The nurse doesnt retaliate because of their positions. He doesnt just taunt the Nurse, he also taunts Tybalt in act 3 scene 1. He answers back to Tybalt when he asks to consort with Romeo.consort? What do thou make us minstrels?.Mercutio says what do thou make us minstrels meaning dose that make use hired musicians. Minstrels are hired musicians. Mercutio shows Mercutios dislike for Tybalt by using slang word zounds. Zounds means by Christs wounds it is an oath. Also the constant mocking of him.Tybalt is the cousin to Juliet, a nephew of lord and lady Capulet and also became a relative of Romeo (When Romeo married Juliet). Neither the less he still has a hatred for the Montagues. Tybalt has a very destructive character. He is aggressive and insulting towards others. He is very competitive, he was his revenge. Also he is very commanding towards others that are lower ranking that him. He is quite the opposite of Mercutio. His aggression shows his aggression towards different people throughout the play, in this case to Romeo.A villain that is hither come is spite, to scam at our solemnity this night.He is saying a slave as come to gate crash, spoil our party. This shows he is ready to fight anyone. He is very competitive and he finds it an insult that Romeo has come on to his grounds. In the Victorian times solemnity is a celebration.Because he is a Capulet he shows a great deal of aggression towards the montages. His aggression aThe main pert for Tybalt character, to express his aggression he uses certain word techniques.I hate the word as I hate hell, all Montagues and theeThe reputation of the word hate shows his aggression towards the Montagues. He uses a religious insult I hate hell the Elizabethans where highly religious and will have really insulter them. Also using hell and Montagues in the same sentence in an insult towards the Montagues. Here he is speaking in verse here. When Tybalt speaks in verse he is usually insult or commanding people.He uses insults quiets a lot in Romeo and Juliet, this is one of the similarities between th e two characters of Mercutio and Tybalt. They both have an insulting character. Tybalt uses insults against Benvolio and the Capulets. When they are getting in to a fight in Act 1 Scene 1.what, art thou drawn among these heartless hinds? Turn thee, Benvolio, look upon thy deathTybalt is saying why are you fighting with these servants? Fight with me. Tybalt insults the Capulet servants by calling them heartless hinds. He also commands Benvolio to fight with him as if he was a servant of Tybalts tune thee Benvolio, look upon thy death he all insults Benvolio later on in the scene have thee a coward Tybalt is also a proswasive character. He persuaded Benvolio to fight when he was there at the beginning of the scene to make peace between the two families.Like in this scene Shakespeare displays another characteristic of Tybalt. Tybalt is very commanding. He bosses people around, he likes to be in change and the leader. In act 1 scene 5, when Romeo and his friends are at the Capulets part y. As Tybalt like to be in change, as soon as he sees Romeo he says.Fetch me my rapier boyIn the Elizabethan times a rapier is a sword. His calls his servant a boy again. He calls people boy to some he is higher in command and that he is in charge. Also he commands his servant to do this fetch me. Tybalt is always willing to humiliate people in front of others. An example is Romeo in this scene. Tybalt was ready to have a fight with the hold party looking and rowans the evening just to thought out and show up Romeo.Following this fight between Tybalt and his uncle, Shakespeare shows that Tybalt can be retributive. If something doesnt go his way then he is always looking for revenge. In this case because he wasnt allowed to put Romeo strait then he sets himself a task to have a rematch with him at a later date.I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, now seem sweet, convert to bitt,rest gall.In the play gall means poison. He is using positive words, he is promising that he will get his revenge.Mercutio had to die in the play because he was a loved character he would have made it in to a comedy. But with his death it made it in to a tragedy. Also we know how close Mercutio and Romeo are to each other, so when Mercutio dies you know that Romeo will go to looking for Tybalt to avenge Mercutios death. Mercutios character was the perfect gentleman; in the Elizabethan times they thought a perfect gentlemen was a mix of bravery and interagency or soldier slash scholar. Tybalt wasnt the perfect gentlemen because he showed no bravery or intelligence, all he wanted was a fight. William Shakespeare added Tybalt in to the play because he needed the character, to keep the two families apart and when he dies he ensures that more deaths will follow him.After the fight the characters Prince and Benvolio where talking about what happened. Benvolio described Tybalt character as deaf to peace meaning he doesnt want anything to do with peace, he just wants to fight. Earlier on i n the play Benvolio also describes him as fiery meaning hot-tempered, angry etc.Mercutio is a funny, a comedy character. Then you have Benvolio who is a serious quite peaceful character. Mercutio in that play was an active lover he has no time for romance, he thinks that it is stupid. On the other hand you have Romeo who is a romantic lover.Tybalt represents the ugliness under the surface of the divided houses. He is aggressive, vindictive, and hot tempered. In contrast to him to have Mercutio, who is laid back, funny and happy. He is the opposite. There is only one thing that all the characters have in common they are represent there pride and their reputation. When Benvolio was called a coward by Tybalt they started to fight because they didnt what to rowan there reputation. When Mercutio is fighting Tybalt he is doing it to keep a clean reputation. Also this is to save Romeos pride because Romeo would not fight.The characters in the play represent ether love or hate, for example Capulets Hate and Montagues love, Tybalt hate and Mercutio love, Juliet hate and Romeo love. They all have there opposites in the play.In the character there are there similarities and there are their differences, but they were all in the play for a reason. Mercutio way to add comedy in to the play and to turn the play in to a tragedy. Tybalt was to keep the two houses apart at to make certain that Romeo and Juliet will die. Benvolio was to try and keep the peace between the two houses.In the Elizabethan times, Shakespeare had to show his characters through action, movement, and body language. Indeed the majority of Shakespeares ordinances were illiterate.Act 3 scene 1 becomes a turning point in the play, as Mercutio and Tybalt die. If I was to direct Tybalt in the above scene he would enter in a strong and powerful manner, to reveal his centice of self importance.Follow me close, for I will speak to them. Gentlemen, good den, a word with one of youTybalt uses declatives to emphasis e what he is doing. I would have Tybalt ender up stage from Mercutio and Benvolio to high light his self importance. As an ordinance we know that he isnt higher statues that Mercutio and Benvolio, however in his own mind he is. He is very egotistic, this links with his pride of looking out for the Capulet house hold.As the scene progresses Tybalts aggression increases. As the director I would increase Tybalts volume as he saysboy, this shall not excuse the injure that thou hast done me, therefore turn and draw.Adituanly Shakespeare uses enjambment which indicates a quicken in the pace, and tension in this scene. Equally by using the word boy Tybalt placates Romeo, much to the disgust of Mercutio.Later on in the scene Mercutio, decides he would fight Tybalt for Romeo, he shoutsO calm, dishonourable, vile submission!Shakespeare uses a oxymoron calm, dishonourable because an oxymoron is two work that are next to each other, but contradict each other. As director i would place Mercutio on the front, centre of the stage. He would shout his lines, so that he is the centre of attention. Then Mercutio would stare at Tybalt, to show that his is serious and meaningful. He would stare into his eyes and say,Tybalt you rat-catcher, will you talkMercutio would say and last bit and this line slower that the first, this shows that Mercutio means business.Soon after in the scene Mercutio is stabbed his keeps a brave face, shows no emotion, fear or pain on his face, Has he says,no, tis not so deep as a well, nor so wide as a church door, but tis enough.Mercutio would be cupping his side where the wound is and try to straighten up. He would try to keep the pain out of his face. He would try to walk away from Romeo and Benvolio, but adds a slit limp to one side. The actor should try to show some pain but not too much. He would say his lines slowly also with a low said voice. When he says but tis enough he should trail away to a whisper. The actor should take the volume for his ne xt line up Ask for me tomorrow, and you shall find me a grave man. This is to show his humour and so everyone can hear his joke. Maybe add a little laugh at the end of his line. He would start to should at the others; he would stare at the one his was referring to for example. a villain, that fights by the book of arithmetic he would stare at Tybalt and i was hurt under your arm he would stare at Romeo.

Augustine and Skepticism Essays - Philosophical Methodology

Augustine and Skepticism Essays - Philosophical Methodology Augustine and Skepticism Augustine and Skepticism PHI/105 March 28, 2013 Augustine and Skepticism Augustine did not lead a straight and narrow life. In fact, his younger years were spent being promiscuous and tended to hang out with the wrong crowd. He made a few bad decisions in life but eventually turned it around, became a professor of Rhetoric and was baptized into Christianity. Augustine later became Bishop. But the main thing he was known for was refuting total skepticism . Even though others may not agree, I am generally a skeptic but can relate to Augustine because his opinion makes sense and the examples confirm the possibility of a rebuttal. Augustine noted that there was three ways of refruting total skepticism. They were through the principle of non-contradiction, the act of doubting, and the sense of perception. He thought these three things were very important and would disprove skepticism but others would still not believe. I think his arguments make sense and his examples help me to understand exactly what he is saying. First, skepticism is refuted by the principle of noncontradiction, which we explained earlier more informally. According to this principle, a proposition and its contradiction cannot both be trueone or the other must be true. The propositions The stick is straight and It is false that the stick is straight cannot both be true. (Moore If something is true and not true, it cannot be perceived to be valid. If they contradict, it is said to be false. We know in life, what is, is. So I agree with his concept here. Second, Augustine held that the act of doubting discloses ones existence as something that is absolutely certain: from the fact I am doubting, it follows automatically that I am. (Moore and Bruder, 2011, pg. 82). Being a skeptic, I have always felt comfortable doubting something because if make me feel I had made the right decision once I evaluated everything. I see what he is saying regarding the I am doubting conflicting with the I am To have doubt means the statement does not show true meaning that is clear to begin with.

How to Get Great Content with Solid Editorial Guidelines

How to Get Great Content with Solid Editorial Guidelines If youre not getting the content you want for your blog, or you are spending too much time during the editorial process trying to turn mediocre content into something better, then youre in need of editorial guidelines. Editorial guidelines can be the what you need to unite all of your writers and to fill your blog with content that drives traffic to your business. Who Needs Editorial Guidelines Whether you are the sole author of your blog, or you have a wide range of one-time and regular contributors, editorial guidelines can help you stay on track. Heres how they help all of the writers for your blog. For You Blogging can be a challenge for anyone, no matter how passionate you are about your niche or industry. Even if you are the only author for your blog, creating editorial guidelines can help you keep the overall picture in focus. On days you are having trouble writing a new piece of content, your editorial guidelines can remind you of your blogging goals, who you are writing for, and what to write about. They can also help you maintain consistency over time with your content. Fact: Editorial guidelines can help you keep the overall picture in focus. #contentmarketingFor Guest Bloggers Inviting guest bloggers to contribute content to your blog opens the door to both amazing writers and those that are still trying to game search engines using the guest blogging for links strategy. Having a strong set of editorial guidelines will generally help you weed out the latter (well show you the specific requirement to help with this later) and reduce the overall amount of time you spend editing guest content you receive. For In-House Writers Training new employees can take time. Fortunately, with editorial guidelines, you wont have to train each new employee you want to contribute to the company blog on how to create a great piece of content. They can just follow the guidelines. For Freelancers While freelance writer are professionals who know how to create content, they typically work with several clients at a time. Having editorial guidelines to share with them will ensure that they are writing the type of content you want for your blog as opposed to writing in the ways they are used to for themselves or their other clients. Why Your Editorial Guidelines Need to Be Specific If you want to get the content you need for your blog with minimal back and forth with authors and editing, then a specific set of editorial guidelines is the key. You can start with less descriptive guidelines to begin with, and slowly add new requirements to the list as you run into issues with the blog content you receive. But if you want to start off on the right foot, then get detailed and save yourself some editorial headaches. Key Elements to Cover in Your Editorial Guidelines The following are the key elements to cover in your editorial guidelines. Be sure to think each one through and formulate your guidelines to match your desired blog content. If you are just starting out in the blogging world and are not sure what works in your niche or industry, the best way to find out is to do a little competitive research. Look at other blogs in your space to see what type of content they publish. Look at the engagement for those pieces of content. This can help guide you in determining how to define the following elements for your editorial guidelines. Goals Let writers know what your goals are for your blog. Do you want more traffic? Do you want content that will help you rank for specific keywords? Do you want lots of social shares? Do you want a little controversy to spark discussion? Do you want content that generates leads? Figure out the specific things you would like to achieve with your blog and get your writers in the right frame of mind to create content that works towards those goals. Audience Define your ideal blog audience. Will content be directed towards busy people who are looking for bite-sized content, or technical people who want step by step details? Will content be aimed at attracting small business owners or Fortune 500 CEOs? Will content need to appeal to users or decision makers? Create reader personas for your blog so that writers can visualize whom they are speaking to with their content. Topics Are you looking for writers that are passionate about specific topics? If so, list those topics in your guidelines. That way, you get pitches that match the topics you want to cover. Content Uniqueness Require that all content submissions be unique. Writers should know that the content they submit to your website should not have been published elsewhere in the past and should not be republished elsewhere in the future without specific consent from you. This is something you will need to check with each content submission you plan to publish on your website. Its as simple as putting one sentence from the content in Google to see if any matches come up, or using tools such as Grammarly. Length Blog post length is a tricky subject. In the past, content created for SEO purposes had to be a minimum of 300 words. Now, the average blog posts is a minimum of 400 600 words, and can range upwards of 1,200 5,000 words. While there is no magic formula to determine what word count works best, you should specify a minimum word count to aim for with each piece of content. This doesnt have to be a one-size fits all number either. You can specify that breaking news articles must be a minimum of 500 words, inspiration pieces must be a minimum of 700 words, and tutorials must be a minimum of 1,000 words. This way, you can have some variety to fit different types of content consumers. Tone Most blogs opt for a more conversational tone. This will depend on your audience, and if you have a business, the type of products and services you offer. Some industries can get away with conversational, and maybe even humorous content, while others should aim for something more formal. Media Images are important to content, so at minimum, you will want to require that each piece of content have at least one image. With that said, images can come from a variety of sources such as stock photography, Creative Commons, screenshots, Canva, and so forth. Let your writers know what type of images you want and where you want them to get those images. Links Links can be a tricky subject in blog content, especially if you are relying on outside contributors. You should always insist that writers try to link to related content from your blog within their posts. You should also insist that they link to any resources they recommend or sources for statistics they mention. What you should discourage, on the other hand, are links to your direct competitors and self-promotional links where the main goal is to promote something that the writer has a vested interest in, such as their own website, business, products, and services. If you allow the latter, writers will not be focusing on creating content for your audience, but content to promote themselves. You should also discourage affiliate links. In all cases, you should check the links writers include in blog posts to ensure that they are links that you wouldnt mind your readers (and potential customers) clicking through to. Author Bylines The one place writers should be allowed to do a little self-promotion is in the author byline. This can be a sentence or two, up to a paragraph about the author at the end of a post and on an author archive page. You should still review the links writers include in their author bio, again to ensure they are links that you wouldnt mind your readers clicking through to. Examples of Top Posts Help your writers by pointing them to specific pieces of content you consider the top posts on your blog. This should be a post that meets your blog contents goals and that meets all of your editorial guidelines. How to Deliver Content The easiest way to reduce the amount of time editing blog content is asking writers to enter it directly into your content management system, such as WordPress. If you prefer to restrict access to your CMS, you can require that writers deliver content in the format that works best for you Microsoft Word, Google Docs, or plain text. The goal for this is to make submission consistent and easy to work with on your end. Community Participation Require that your writers reply to blog comments for at least the first week or two after their posts are published. You cant un-publish a piece of content just because a writer has decided not to engage with your community, but you can require that community participation is required, otherwise the author loses the links in their byline. This is a great way to weed out link-building guest bloggers, as their goal is to just get a link and run, as well as ensure that the engagement on your blog continues to thrive. Require that your writers reply to blog comments for   the first week or two. #contentmarketingHow to Apply to Contribute You will want to include specific directions on how people should apply to contribute content. Do you want them to submit a blog post topic idea or a full blog post? Do you want them to send links to published works on other blogs (preferably ones similar to yours)? Do you want them to specify their Twitter or Google+ profile? Do you want to link to their LinkedIn profile to further establish that they are a real person again, to weed out link-building guest bloggers)? You can allow people to submit their information via email, or create a custom form on your blog that will allow them to input this information, and upload blog posts if necessary. Internal Guidelines Last, but not least, you may want to have an internal editorial guidelines document that you send to writers once they are employed at your company, once they have been hired are freelancers, and depending on the level of sensitivity, once they have signed a non-disclosure agreement. This document would outline things you may not want to publish publicly, such as specific competitors to avoid mentioning in blog posts, how to create an account on your blog to enter posts, and a full tutorial on how to enter posts into your CMS. How to Publish Your Editorial Guidelines to Attract Writers Once your editorial guidelines are complete and you are ready to welcome new contributors to your blog, you should publish your editorial guidelines. You should then link this on your blog in the main menu, sidebar, or footer links as well as at the end of blog posts so that readers know you are open to new contributors. In addition, you should optimize your editorial guidelines for search by including phrases such as how to become a contributor, write for us, editorial guidelines, and similar phrases in the SEO title of the page. This will help more people discover the opportunity to write for your blog. How to Enforce Your Editorial Guidelines The best part about comprehensive editorial guidelines is that you can use them to quickly call for edits or reject content submissions as a whole. Instead of having to explain yourself each time you respond to a blog post submission, you can quickly point writers to your editorial guidelines to have them make edits that require additional content or change of tone. You can also quickly point writers to the guidelines to say that the topic or blog post they have submitted does not fit your blogs needs based on topic or quality.

White Collar Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

White Collar Crime - Essay Example 214). In the United States of America, the punishments for white-collar criminals include fines, imprisonment, probation, and other similar punishments. The law that regulates white-collar crimes in the United States is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which is a federal criminal law that protects public and shareholders from fraudulent practices (Green, 2004). There are three main rules, which regulate this law. Ge and McVay (2005) state, â€Å"The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 requires the implementation of many new rules and procedures†. The first rule prevents people from altering, destroying, or mutilating any financial record. The second rule holds accountants responsible for maintaining the audit reports for a period of 5 years. The third rule ensures the retention of all types of business records and electronic transaction records. Although complete prevention of white-collar crimes is not possible, but the government of America has been successful in reducing the white-collar crime rate to some extent through implementing such policies that restrict higher officials from accessing the private records. Although this strategy has decreased in the United States of America over the last decade, but we cannot consider it a notable decrease. The reason is the rise of technology, which has made it easier for criminals to access the private records of banks, organizations, and other financial institutions. Two other strategies, which have been successful in the reduction of white-collar crimes, are Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) and Crime Prevention through Awareness and Procedural Design (CPTAPD). People commit white-collar crimes when they see that the chances of incarceration are less as compared to the benefits of crimes. The government of America has also achieved success in reducing the white-collar crimes by setting a corruption-free system. A

Bilateral Loans Agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bilateral Loans Agreement - Essay Example It should be noted that in loans transactions, the terms and conditions must be put in writing for it to be enforceable, including the duration of the, the securities required and the amount of interest which should be imposed on top to the principal amount of the loan. The fact that the contract is unvaried at the time it is entered into by the parties, it shall remain unvaried until otherwise amended by the parties1. The loan contract may include provisions for securities such as mortgage and negative pledges. These two types of securities differ in the sense that mortgage requires that a title to specific properties of the client be given as collateral of the loan while negative securities require no bodily pledging of properties but rather a prohibition on the part of the client not to use any property thereon as securities for other obligations. In other words, it is â€Å"a promise between the borrower and the lender that the borrower will not encumber its property, including present and future property, to secure the loan of another creditor which would give the subsequent creditor priority†.2 There are many forms of restrictions available against the properties of the clients but these should be used with caution so as not to restrict the business transactions of the client. In drafting restriction clauses, due care should be taken not to confer blanket restrictions which will have an effect of freezing the total assets of the client. For instance, a blanket restrict on the manufacturing company may have the effect of prohibiting the client for selling its assets. As the manufactured goods are part of the assets of the client, a blank restriction would in effect prohibit the client from selling its manufactured goods.

Friction and the Variables of Friction Using a Wooden Block Essay Example for Free

Friction and the Variables of Friction Using a Wooden Block Essay I am going to perform an experiment on friction and the variables of friction using a wooden block, a piece of string and a Newton meter. I will test 3 variables: weight, surface area and surface texture. Each test will be repeated 5 times to get a fair range of results. Friction is the force of two objects rubbing together and slowing and/or stopping each other. The amount of friction produced depends on the appearance of its surface for example: The surface of the sandpaper has deep slopes and the surface of the paper has to move up and down those slopes to proceed, causing friction. My first test will be done to measure the affect of weight on the amount of friction between the block and the table top. The block ill be placed on the table and the Newton meter tied to it. Then the Newton meter will be pulled until the block starts to move and as soon as it does the amount of Newtons required to cause that movement will be recorded. This will be done 5 times then averaged. To make sure it is a fair test I will: use the same Newton meter and the same wooden block to avoid introducing other variables; I will also use the same section of table using the same side of the block every time. I will be vigilant of how I pull the Newton meter, the moving force should be parallel to the supporting surface because pulling it up will lessen friction and pulling it down will increase friction. I predict that as the weight on the block increases so therefore does the down force, increasing the amount of friction because it becomes more difficult for the ridges to pass over each and so a block with less/smoother ridges would find its passage a lot easier. When the experiment was carried out, as I predicted, when the weight on the block increased so therefore did the Newtons required to move it from a fixed position. The test was done with 2 Newton meters over 2 days. Using the same Newton meter was impossible as it broke. My results were as follows: Weight of block = 2.0N Weight T1(N) T2(N) T3(N) T4(N) T5(N) Average(N) Block 1.2 0.8 1 1 1 1 Block + 1N 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.8 2 1.7 Block + 2N 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.2 Block + 3N 2.2 2 3 3.2 3.3 2.7 Block + 4N 2.6 2.6 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.2 Block + 5N 2.8 3.5 4 3.5 3.6 3.5 In the first experiment weight was tested and a set of results produced. In this second experiment the surface area in contact with the desk will be tested. To obtain my results I will use the following method, the block will be placed on two sheets of paper a measured distance apart with a Newton meter tied to it. The block will then be pulled and as it begins to move the amount of Newtons required to cause this will be recorded. Each test will be done 5 times then averaged. To make sure it is a fair test I will; as the same Newton meter ensuring non-introduction of new variables, use the same side of the block, use the same two pieces of paper and make sure the blocks movement is parallel to the supporting surface. I predict that as the surface area of the block exposed to the desk increases so will the amount of Newtons required to move it because there will be more sharper ridges to pass over therefore requiring more Newtons. My results were as follows: Exp mm2 T(n) T2(n) T3(n) T4(n) T5(n) Avg(N) 11.3 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.7 0.88 22.6 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.92.72 33.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.08 45.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.06 56.5 1.1 1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.86 68.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.96 My prediction on 1 or 2 of the results was correct or partially correct but on the whole I fear my prediction was incorrect as it seems the surface area (exposed to the desk) does not greatly affect the amount of Newtons that is required to move it, any affect it does have is not continual and seemingly erratic. The friction experiment has now been done with 2 variables: weight and surface area. I have now come to the third and final, surface texture. To test the affect of surface texture on friction, I will, Place the block on the surface with a Newton meter tied to it, the meter will then be pulled and as soon as the block shows signs of movement I will record the amount of Newtons needed. Each test will be done 5 times then averaged. To make sure it is a fair test I will: unless it breaks use the same Newton meter, I will use the same block and the same side of the block every time, I will use the same substance/type of substance for instance making sure the sandpaper comes from the same sheet. I will also keep the movement of the block parallel to the supporting surface. Although smoothness is hard to measure I predict that the smoother a substance is to the touch, the less friction will be produced, because the smoother a substance is to the touch the less sharp or outstanding the ridges are, therefore the less resistance they cause. Key Substances: Silicon based carbon paper: Si Emery paper: Bs Sand paper: S Table top: TT Plastic Bag: Pb Substance T1(N) T2(N) T3(N) T4(N) T5(N) Average Si 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 Bs 2 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.64 S 2 2 1.75 2 2 1.95 TT 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.94 Pb 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 As I predicted the smoother a substance feels to be, the less it causes resistance, as shown in the results. I followed my method very strictly any variation caused by my hand is small to negligible, and would not greatly affect the results. I have come to the conclusion that for a substance to reach minimal resistance it can achieve this being light weight, smoothly textured and have minimal contacting surface area with the opposing surface. If a substance is required to have maximum resistance it would be the opposite. I feel the experiment was performed rather well but there is room for improvement, to have maybe got fairer more accurate results I could have maybe repeated the experiment once or twice on all of them, then I would have more data to analyse giving me a better chance at accuracy. In all the three experiments instead of using the human hand to pull the Newton meter use a machine which would be less prone to inconsistency and use a table top free of blemishes. In the second experiment the block could have been placed on previously constructed platforms each measured to have 4 sides the same and those sides to be the measurements used meaning the non need of paper and a lot more accurate readings.

The body :: essays research papers

 1) Title: â€Å"Stephen King† Author: Amy Keyishian and Marjorie Keyishian Copyright date: 1996,1998   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2) The setting was a small town in Bangor, Maine where Stephen King was raised. Some times and places in which major actions occur are as follows:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   9/21/47-The master of horror, Stephen King was born. 1970- King received his English degree graduating with honors. 01-71- King married Tabitha Spruce whom he met when they were students at the University of Maine. He taught six English classes at Hampden University in Maine  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1973- His first best selling novel, â€Å"Carrie†, was published. 1976- â€Å"Carrie† was the first of his works to be made into a television movie. 1978- â€Å"Night Shift† was published and a succession of books followed -Different Seasons, â€Å"Cujo†, â€Å"Danse Macabre†, â€Å"Salem’s Lot†, â€Å"The Shining†, â€Å"Skeleton Crew†(1985 collection of his short stories)Pet Semetary, The Talisman, etc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1979- Under the name of Richard Bachman, he wrote The Long Walk, and Rage. In 1985, King reveals to the world in the Bangor Daily News that he and Bachman are indeed one and the same. As Bachman, King’s novels were more on a sad note.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   3) a. The portion of the book that interested me the most was the author’s detailed description of one of Stephen King’s main characters, Carrie in his best selling novel. The author provides pictures that actually send goose bumps up your spine. The actress that portrayed Carrie in the television movie, Sissy Spacek, was dripping wet in pigs blood just before she uses her telekinetic powers to cause explosions and fires. Carrie was extremely depressed because she had been excluded from everything by her fellow classmates at Bates High School where she attended. When she is asked to go to the prom by Tommy as part of a prank unbeknownst to her, she becomes excited and happy. She is selected as Queen and Tommy as King. Fellow classmates end up ruining the one happy night of her life and she decides to take revenge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   She has horror in her eyes and a maddening smile. The movie is considered by most critics to be one of the best adaptations of a King book. The schoolmate’s screams would be enough to send chills up your spine if you have seen this movie or read his book. Attached are pictures that appeared on page 14 and 68 in the book. Illustration 3 is taken from â€Å"The Body†. Illustration 4 is from â€Å"Misery†. Illustration 5 is King hard at work. Illustration 6 shows him graduating from

Philippine Arts Essay

* 1. Filipino Painters :The Few Cream of the Crop * 2. Damian Domingo â€Å"The First Great Filipino Painter†AKA Damian Gabor Domingo â€Å"Father of Filipino Painting† 1st Filipino to paint his face 1st self-portrait in the Philippines Academia de Dibujo y PinturaDate of Birth: 1796Birthplace: Tondo, Manila, PhilippinesYear of Death: 1834 * 3. La Sagrada Familia * 4. La Sagrada Familia Oil on Copper Sheet Measurements: 48.26(length) x 35 (width) cm Where it was made: Manila, Philippines Time Period: 19th Century; 1820’s to 1830’s Owner: Heirs of Luis Ongpin Museum: Ayala Miuseum * 5. La Sagrada Familia The delicate veil over the Virgin’s head and shoulders is transparent to the point of appearing almost invisible. Cloth folds and curves of the figures’ clothing appear quite realistic. Damian Domingo uses color and drama with control. The painting depicts three generations of the Holy Family. * 6. La Sagrada Familia The infant Jesus and his parents are at the center, His grandparents on either side, and God the Father, the Holy Spirit, and the angels high above. It marks the peak of his finely detailed miniaturist style. Two misspelled words in the paintings caption. â€Å"Sagrda† and â€Å"Aana† * 7. Juan Luna â€Å"Ilocano Filipino Painter†Political activist of the Philippine Revolution durin g the late 19th century 1st recognized Philippine artists His 1st tutor Don Lorenzo Guerero was so impressed with his early works Don Lorenzo persuaded his parents to send him to Spain to advance his skillsDate of Birth: October 23,1857Birthplace: Badoc, Ilocos Norte, PhilippinesYear of Death: December 7, 1899 * 8. Spoliarium * 9. Spoliarium Oil-on-Canvas Measurements: 4.22 meters x 7.675 meters Where it was made: Rome Time Period: 19th Century , 1884 Award: 1st prize, gold medal at Exposicion de Bellas Artes of Oil Paintings in Madrid Location: National Museum * 10. Spoliarium Largest painting in the Philippines. The Technique used by the artist is symbolism. Heavy strong brush strokes- expressed his anger over the abuses and cruelties. Lines and color- he captured pathos and barbarism of a decadent empire. * 11. Spoliarium Vertical Lines- evidenced by the straight body of an oppressor suggest strength and stability. Horizontal Lines- seen impression of serenity and repose. Diagonal Lines- clearly shown in the arms of men pulling the wounded gladiator toward the other room. * 12. Spoliarium Most well-known painting by a Filipino artist A building or chamber where the dead bodies of gladiators were taken to be stripped of their armor and weapons prior to the disposal of their bodies. Symbol of our social, moral, and political life: humanity unredeemed, reason and aspiration in open fight with prejudice, fanaticism, and injustice.† * 13. Other works of Juan Luna: Death of Cleopatra (Silver medal, 1881 Museo del Prado in Madrid) Parisian Life (Silver medal, 1889, GSIS Museum) Battle of Lepanto, Blood Compact (1886, Malacaà ±ang Palace) Una Bulakenya (1895, Malacaà ±ang Palace) * 14. Felix Resurreccion HidalgoNational Artist of the Philippines for Painting He studied in the University of Santo Tomas where his artistry was encouraged by Fr. Sabater. He was simultaneously enrolled at the Escuela de Dibujo y Pintura. When Juan Luna won the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition, a Filipino painter shared with him the limelight by securing the second place. His remains were brought to Manila, where he now lies entombed in the Hidalgo family mausoleum at the Cementerio del Norte.Date of Birth: February 21, 1855Birthplace: Binondo, ManilaYear of Death: March 1913 * 15. Las virgenes Cristianas expuestas al populacho * 16. Las virgenes Cristianas expuestas al populacho Oil-on-Canvas Measurements: 115 cm x 157 cm Time Period: 1884 Award: Silver Medalist(9th silver medal award among forty five) Location: Metropolitan Museum of Manila * 17. Las virgenes Cristianas expuestas al populacho Regarded as one of the national treasures of the Philippines Part of art collection of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. The original was destroyed in a fire at the University of Valladolid in Spain. Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho is a â€Å"landmark painting† depicting the persecution of Christians in Ancient Rome. * 18. Las virgenes Cristianas expuestas al populacho Described as a masterpiece remarkable in the aspects of quality, composition, and historical context. It portrays two scantily clothed Christian female slaves being mocked by a group of boorish Roman male onlookers. One of the women is posed seated naked at the foreground of the painting with her â€Å"head bowed in misery†. The semi-nude women have been stripped not only of their garments but also of their dignity. * 19. Las virgenes Cristianas expuestas al populacho He derive his subject matter from classical antiquity He brought out the Drama of the moment * 20. Other works of Felix Hidalgo: Flora de Filipinas (Plants of the Philippines) – awarded second place for best cover design for de Luxe edition. La Siesta (Nap in the afternoon) – a piece which was favorably reviewed in La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana in1881. La Barca de Aqueronte (The Boat of Charon) – received a gold medal in the international exposition in Madrid and was bought for 7500 pesetas by the Spanish government. * 21. Other works of Felix Hidalgo: Laguna Estigia (The Styx) El Violinista – was accorded a gold medal at the Universal Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. * 22. Fernando Amorsolo y CuetoNational Artist of the Philippines for Painting Excellent sketch artist as well as peerless master of light and color. Signature technique. Backlight his object, gently shading them with nuanced color tones & haloing them with incandescent golden glow. Most of his paintings portrayed the Filipino culture, tradition, and customs like Filipino fiestas. Became popular because of his illuminated landscapes and his historical paintings on which you can see the real reflection of a Filipino soul.Date of Birth: May 30, 1892Birthplace: Calle Herran in Paco, ManilaYear of Death: April 26, 1972 * 23. Rice Planting * 24. Rice Planting Oil-on-Canvas Measurements: 24 x 34 meters Where it was made: Philippines Time Period: 1922 Sold by: Geringer Art, a Honolulu based company which specializes in the art of Fernando Amorsolo * 25. Rice Planting His â€Å"Rice Planting† (1922) was a staple of tourist brochures. It’s visual weight is light because the colors used were mostly pastel in nature. No dark colors were used to produce a feeling of calm and peace. The particular genre that was used is realism. * 26. Rice Planting He painted the details as to how it might look like in real life. In rice planting, the backlighting technique manifested wherein figures are outlined against a characteristic glow, and intense light on one part of the canvas highlights nearby details. Sunlight is a consistent element in Amorsolo’s works. Brush strokes were smooth which emphasizes the serene feeling. * 27. Other works of Fernando Amorsolo: The Bombing of the Intendecia (1942) Bataan ) Afternoon Meal of the Workers (1939) Princess Urduja * 28. Carlos V. Francisco aka Botong Francisco2nd Filipino to receive the title of National Artist in Painting in 1973 One of the first Filipino modernist Franciscos art is a prime example of linear painting where lines and contours appear like cut outs. He single-handedly brought back the art of mural painting in the PhilippinesDate of Birth: November 4, 1912Birthplace: Angono, RizalYear of Death: March 31, 1969 * 29. Katipunan * 30. Katipunan Mural Best known mural of Francisco It shows his descriptions about the History of Manila Mayor Antonio Villegas in Manila It describes the enthusiasm of the first Datu in Manila. His murals on the history of Manila for the Manila City Hall represent a high point in his art and the art of the country. * 31. Jose Tanig JoyaNational Artist in Visual Arts in 2003 A painter and multimedia artist Known as an Abstract Expressionist He was the president of the Art Association of the Philippines from 1962 to 1965 and dean of the U.P. College of Fine Arts from 1970 to 1978.Date of Birth: June 3, 1931Birthplace: Manila, PhilippinesYear of Death: March 31, 1996 * 32. Granadean Arabesque * 33. Granadean Arabesque Inspired by Joya’s stay in Granada, a region in Spain.How he was struck by inspiration while travelling on a train andseeing all the beautiful sunflowers pass him by. Bright yellows dominate the canvass and establish the mood –pure joy, life, and energy. * 34. Other works of Jose Joya: 1948 – Barter of Panay 1954 – Christ Stripped of His Clothes 1958 – Granadean Arabesque, his landmark painting 1965 – Dimensions of Fear 1981 – Vista Beyond Vision 1985 – Torogan 1998 – Playground of the Mind * 35. Thank You ☠º * 36. Miniature Miniature isnt merely about size, but also the levelof detail in the painting. Its the detail that differentiatesa miniature from a small painting: if you look at it througha magnifying glass, youll see extremely fine brush markswith every detail scaled down and miniaturized.Techniques used include hatching, stippling, and glazing.Composition, perspective, and color are as important asin larger paintings. * 37. Symbolism A symbol, in general, is a visible sign of somethinginvisible in such as an idea or a quality. Art of Symbolism is the art to use symbols torepresent things, ideas and emotions. * 38. Realism The representation in art or literature of objects,actions, or social conditions as they actually are, withoutidealization or presentation in abstract form. Adopted to describe things represent figures andexactly how they look like in real life. * 39. Mural A mural is any piece of artwork painted or applieddirectly on a wall, ceiling or other large permanentsurface. A particularly distinguishing characteristic of muralpainting is that the architectural elements of the givenspace are harmoniously incorporated into the picture * 40. Abstract Expressionism Abstract Expressionism is a school of art thatdeveloped from Expressionism. It applied the principlesof Expressionism to abstract art. The artists brushstrokes, the visible evidence of the process of creating thepainting, together with the use of color, are the subjectof the painting. * Paintings * Artistic paintings were introduced to the Filipinos in the 16th century when the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines. During this time, the Spaniards used paintings as religious propaganda to spread Catholicism throughout the Philippines. These paintings, appearing mostly on church walls, featured religious figures appearing in Catholic teaching. Due to the Church’s supervision of Filipino art and Spanish occupation of the Philippines, the purpose of most paintings from the 16th-19th century were to aid the Catholic Church.[1] * In the early 19th century, wealthier, educated Filipinos introduced more secular Filipino art, causing art in the Philippines to deviate from religious motifs. The use of watercolor paintings increased and the subject matter of paintings began to include landscapes, Filipino inhabitants, Philippine fashion, and government officials. Portrait paintings featured the painters themselves, Filipino jewelry, and native furniture. The subject of landscape paintings featured artists’ names painted ornately as well as day-to-day scenes of average Filipinos partaking in their daily tasks. These paintings were done on canvas, wood, and a variety of metals. [2] * During World War II, some painters focused their artwork on the effects of war, including battle scenes, destruction, and the suffering of the Filipino peoples. * Dance | It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Philippine Dance. (Discuss) Proposed since June 2012. | * There are many different types of Filipino dances varying in influence and region. Types of Filipino dance include Cordillera, Muslim, tribal, rural, and Spanish style dances. * Within the cordillera dances, there is Banga, Bendayan, Lumagen/Tachok, Manmanok, Ragsaksakan, Salisid, Salip, Tarektek, and Uyaoy/Uyauy. The Banga dance illustrates the grace and strength of women in the Kalinga tribe. Women performing the Banga balance heavy pots on their heads while dancing to beat of wind chimes. This mimics Kalinga women collecting and transporting water. Another dance, called Lumagen or Tachok, is performed to celebrate happy occasions. When Lumagen is performed, it is meant to symbolize flying birds and is musically-paired to the beat of gongs. Another cordillera dance, Salisid, is the dance to show courtship. In the Salisid dance, a male and a female performer represent a rooster attempting to attract a hen.[3] * Tribal dances include Malakas at Maganda, Kadal Blelah, Kadal Tahaw, Binaylan, Bagobo Rice Cycle, and Dugso. Malakas at Maganda is a national folklore dance. It tells the story of the origin of the Filipino people on the islands. Another dance, called the Binaylan dance, tells the story of a hen, the hen’s baby, and a hawk. In this dance, the hawk is said to control a tribe’s well-being, and is killed by hunters after attempting to harm the hen’s baby.[4] * Two examples of traditional Filipino dances are Tinikling and Binasuan and many more. Filipinos have unique folk dances like tinikling where assistants take two long bamboo sticks rapidly and in rhythm, clap sticks for dancers to artistically and daringly try to avoid getting their feet caught between them. Also in the southern part of the Philippines, there is another dance called singkil using long bamboo poles found in tinikling; however, it is primarily a dance showing off lavish Muslim royalty. In this dance, there are four bamboo sticks arranged in a tic-tac-toe pattern in which the dancers exploit every position of these clashing sticks. Dancers can be found trying to avoid all 4 bamboo sticks all together in the middle. They can also try to dance an entire rotation around the middle avoiding all sticks. Usually these stick dances performed in teamwork fashion not solo. The Singkil dance is identifiable with the use of umbrellas and silk clothing.[5] * Weaving * Philippine weaving involves many threads being measured, cut, and mounted on a wooden platform. The threads are dyed and weaved on a loom.[6] * Before Spanish colonization, native Filipinos weaved using fibers from abaca, pineapple, cotton, and bark cloth. Textiles, clothes, rugs, and hats were weaved. Baskets were also weaved and used as vessels of transport and storage, and for hunting. These baskets were used to transport grain, store food, and catching fish.[7] * However, during Spanish colonization, Filipinos used fabric called nipis to weave white clothing. These were weaved with decorative, flower designs.[8] * Pottery * Traditional pottery-making in certain areas of the Philippines would use clay found near the Sibalom River. Molding the clay required the use of wooden paddles, and the clay had to be kept away from sunlight.[9] * Native Filipinos created pottery since 3500.[10] They used these ceramic jars to hold the deceased.[11] * Other pottery used to hold remains of the deceased were decorated with anthropomorphic designs. These anthropomorphic earthenware pots date back to 5 BC. – 225 A.D and had pot covers shaped like human heads. [12] * Filipino pottery had other uses as well. During the Neolithic period of the Philippines, pottery was made for water vessels, plates, cups, and for many other uses.[13]

Boys vs. Girls

Commonsense beliefs about boys and girls are not arbitrary. According to Archer and Lloyd (2002), they are associated with coherent ways of understanding the world in which we live, which for many centuries have been presented to each succeeding generation in the form of religious truths. The following little experiment demonstrates one situation where girls have outdone boys. Three boys and three girls were asked to kneel on the floor with their legs together by their high school teacher.All of them were made to bend forward and put their elbows up against their knees. Lipstick containers were placed upright at the end of the six young people’s fingers. Then, they were made to kneel up straight with their legs still together, with hands clasped behind their backs above their waists. They were then told to keep their arms and legs in their position while leaning forward, knock the lipstick container over their noses and return to the kneeling-up position. The observation was t hat girls can do it while boys can’t.The reason that this happened is because girls tend to have more body weight in the lower half of their bodies than boys do so they can balance better. But this little story/experiment does not prove that girls are better than boys. There are just some things that girls perform better than boys, AND vice versa. For instance, boys are observed to do significantly better than girls at mathematics, and understand relationships in the physical world better than the opposite sex (Archer and Lloyd, 2002).Conversely, girls are better at processing language than boys, which goes a long way toward explaining why girls overall have better communication than their gender counterparts. All of these examples and the experiment stated above just means that girls and boys are different. Differences do not imply an order of rank. Oranges and apples are different, but that doesn’t mean oranges are better than apples. Ovaries and testicles are differ ent, but that doesn’t mean that one is better than the other. WORK CITED Archer, J. & Lloyd, B. (2002). Sex and Gender. (2nd Ed. ). New York: Cambridge University Press. Boys vs. Girls Boys and Girls had always been perceived to be greatly different from each other. It has been stereotypically observed that when the doctor shouted, â€Å"It's a baby boy,† the nurse will wrap him around a blue cloth while on the other hand when the doctor declares, â€Å"It's a baby girl,† a pink cloth will then be wrapped around her. But aside from the usual determining colors associated with boys and girls, what other factors set both genders apart and make them distinct? According to Armin Brott, baby boys are slightly heavier and longer than girls at birth.This is why many first-time mothers spend longer labor hours and it ultimately leads to higher birth trauma resulting to more irritable actions among the boys than the girls (Brott, 2008). He also adds that boys are more inclined in a more energetic and rough games as compared to the girls who like to pretend and mimic (Brott, 2008). In accordance to this perception, Leonard Sax, a doctor and a psychologist asser ts that boys and girls differ in their view of the surroundings and environment.In studying the outlook of the girls, he showed an image with â€Å"a girl, a dress, a pet, the sun, flowers, rainbow and all those colors,† which has been the same kind of drawing girls all over the world has drawn (Selliot, 2008). On the other hand, he presented an image of â€Å" bloody red battle scenes, gray rocket ships and black speeding vehicles,† all of which are the same content of a boy's painting (Selliot, 2008). Furthermore, Brott observed that the girls take in greater sensory than boys wherein they can taste more, and tend to exhibit a greater need to be touched.There are actually more differences associated to the two genders. However, it is really difficult to identify who is greater or more superior than the other because as observed in the above comparison, both have their own unique personalities and inclinations which help develop their skills and perception in the thin gs around them. It is therefore important to appreciate the characteristics and traits that set the boys apart from the girls and vice-versa and what makes them special in their own ways. References Brott, A. (2008). â€Å"The Difference Between Boys and Girls. † Retrieved May 20, 2008 from ht

This Memorial Day, Remember an Abundance Mentality

This Memorial Day, Remember an Abundance Mentality This Memorial Day Sunday, as I sat on a bench overlooking the Hudson River in Tarrytown, NY, I pondered the concept of abundance. Where do I have an â€Å"abundance mentality† and where do I live with a scarcity mindset? â€Å"What about this river, I mused. Rivers are a symbol of abundance. Do rivers have an abundance mentality? What about droughts? If I were a river I would not feel very abundant in a drought.† â€Å"Brenda,† I told myself, â€Å"Stop trying to give a river a brain. Rivers don’t know from abundance and scarcity. They just are. It’s people who feel scarcity during droughts.† Well, that line of thinking didn’t get me too far. Even after attending a yoga class nearby, where the teacher threw out the idea that we should imitate nature and just be, I wasn’t sure what to make of my river question. But what I do know is that for humans, having an â€Å"abundance mentality† is one of the keys to happiness. When we remember that there is enough – more than enough – to sustain us, we can not just survive, but thrive. Experiencing the Abundance Mentality There are some areas where I’ve mastered the abundance mentality. In my travels, for instance, when plans fall through (as they often do, and did on this trip), I am open to what other plans will arise. All I have to do is pick up the phone and I can find a friend to hang out with or a new place to stay if I need it. I am never worried about being stranded or running out of possibilities. In other areas, I have yet to vanquish the scarcity mentality. Last year, when a corporate client abruptly reduced the volume of business they were sending to The Essay Expert, I was scared and discouraged. Without that business, I did not have a solid client base. Initially, I did not know what to do to turn things around. It took me a year to build my business back up to where it was before. And lo and behold, it turns out there was abundance after all – I just had to strive for it. I’ve also faced my own scarcity mentality with my writing team. Now that business is booming, I have been known to worry that I won’t have enough high-quality writers to cover the projects coming in. At first, I was limited in my ideas about how to find writers. But I asked other writers and coaches for ideas, and they shook up my scarcity thinking. I took their advice and reached out aggressively to executive resume writers through multiple channels- including some I had never thought of before. Surprise! Some amazingly talented writers inevitably arose. Whatever convictions I have about what’s impossible are simply not true. An Abundance â€Å"Mentality† is Not Enough Here’s the thing. Just believing that abundance exists is not enough. You need to take action. When my corporate client dropped off, I felt sorry for myself for a little while, but ultimately I upped my game and got my name out to the world on a bigger scale. When I needed new writers, at first I did the same things I had done in the past, but those actions did not produce results. So I did something different. This principle applies to bigger issues too. This is Memorial Day, and some of us are thinking of people we have lost. While the pain of loss is real and will never go away, when we can appreciate the people who are in our lives now, and know there is enough love and connection for us in the world, we can continue with our lives and allow ourselves to feel joy amidst the pain. With an abundance mentality, we see possibilities and can embrace challenge and change. In scarcity, we experience lack and hopelessness. I know this from experience. Where do you fall on the abundance vs. scarcity mindset spectrum? What is your mentality around money? Love? Jobs? Clients? On this Memorial Day, can you remember that good things are out there for you- and go after them? I encourage you to take one action today to create what you thought was not possible in your life. And let me know what happens. *********** Ready to create abundance with your job search, college applications or business? The Essay Expert offers writing help in all of these areas. Contact us!

Kublai Khan and the Mongols Invasions of Japan

Kublai Khan and the Mongols' Invasions of Japan The Mongol Invasions of Japan in 1274 and 1281 devastated Japanese resources and power in the region, nearly destroying the samurai culture and Empire of Japan entirely before a typhoon miraculously spared their last stronghold. Although Japan started the war between the two rival empires with hefty troops of honorable samurai, the sheer force and brute strength of their Mongol invaders pushed the noble warriors to their limits, making them question their very code of honor in facing these fierce combatants. The impact of nearly two decades of struggle between their rulers would echo on throughout Japanese history, even through the Second World War and the very culture of modern-day Japan. Precursor to Invasion In 1266, the Mongol ruler  Kublai Khan  paused in his campaign to subdue all of  China, and sent a message to the Emperor of Japan, whom he addressed as the ruler of a small country, and advised the Japanese sovereign to pay him tribute at once- or else. The Khans emissaries returned from Japan without an answer. Five times over the next six years, Kublai Khan sent his messengers; the Japanese  shogun  would not allow them even to land on Honshu, the main island.   In 1271, Kublai Khan defeated the Song Dynasty and declared himself the first emperor of Chinas Yuan Dynasty. A grandson of Genghis Khan, he ruled over much of China plus Mongolia and Korea; meanwhile, his uncles and cousins controlled an empire that stretched from Hungary in the west to the Pacific coast of Siberia in the east. The great khans of the Mongol Empire did not tolerate impudence from their neighbors, and Kublai was quick to demand a strike against  Japan  as early as 1272. However, his counselors advised him to bide his time until a proper armada of warships could be built- 300 to 600, vessels which would be commissioned from the shipyards of southern China and Korea, and an army of some 40,000 men. Against this mighty force, Japan could muster only about 10,000 fighting men from the ranks of the often-squabbling samurai clans. Japans warriors were seriously outmatched. The First Invasion, 1274 From the port of Masan in southern Korea, the Mongols and their subjects launched a step-wise attack on Japan in the autumn of 1274. Hundreds of large ships and an even larger number of small boats- estimated between 500 and 900 in number- set out into the Sea of Japan. First, the invaders seized the islands of Tsushima and Iki about halfway between the tip of the Korean peninsula and the main islands of Japan. Quickly overcoming desperate resistance from the islands approximately 300 Japanese residents, the Mongol troops slaughtered them all and sailed on to the east. On November 18, the Mongol armada reached Hakata Bay, near the present-day city of Fukuoka on the island of Kyushu. Much of our knowledge about the details of this invasion comes from a scroll which was commissioned by the samurai Takezaki Suenaga, who fought against the Mongols in both campaigns. Japan's Military Weaknesses Suenaga relates that the samurai army set out to fight according to their code of bushido; a warrior would step out, announce his name and lineage, and prepare for one-on-one combat with a foe. Unfortunately for the Japanese, the Mongols were not familiar with the code. When a lone samurai stepped forward to challenge them, the Mongols would simply attack him en masse, much like ants swarming a beetle. To make matters worse for the Japanese, the Yuan forces also used poison-tipped arrows, catapult-launched explosive shells, and a shorter bow that was accurate at twice the range of the samurais longbows. In addition, the Mongols fought in units, rather than each man for himself. Drumbeats relayed the orders guiding their precisely coordinated attacks. All of this was new to the samurai- often fatally so. Takezaki Suenaga and the three other warriors from his household were all unhorsed in the fighting, and each sustained serious wounds that day. A late charge by over 100 Japanese reinforcements was all that saved Suenaga and his men. The injured samurai drew back a few miles from the bay for the night, determined to renew their nearly hopeless defense in the morning. As night fell, a driving wind and heavy rain began to lash the coast. Close Call with Domination Unbeknownst to the Japanese defenders, the Chinese and Korean sailors on board Kublai Khans ships were busy persuading the Mongolian generals to let them weigh anchor and head further out to sea. They worried that the strong wind and high surf would drive their ships aground in Hakata Bay. The Mongols relented, and the great Armada sailed out into open waters- straight into the arms of an approaching typhoon. Two days later, a third of the Yuan ships lay on the bottom of the Pacific, and perhaps 13,000 of Kublai Khans soldiers and sailors had drowned. The battered survivors limped home, and Japan was spared the Great Khans dominion- for the time being.  While Kublai Khan sat at his capital in Dadu (modern-day Beijing) and brooded over his fleets misfortunes, the samurai waited for the  bakufu  in Kamakura to reward them for their valor, but that reward never came. Uneasy Peace: The Seven-year Interlude Traditionally, the bakufu gave a land grant to noble warriors at the end of battle so they could relax in times of peace. However, in the case of the invasion, there were no spoils to dole out- the invaders came from outside of  Japan,  and left no booty behind so the  bakufu  had no way to pay the thousands of samurai who had fought to fend off the Mongols. Takezaki Suenaga took the unusual step of traveling for two months to the  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Kamakura shoguns  court to plead his case in person. Suenaga was rewarded with a prize horse and stewardship of a Kyushu island estate for his pains. Of the estimated 10,000  samurai warriors who fought, only 120 received any reward at all. This did not endear the Kamakura government to the vast majority of the samurai, to say the least. Even as Suenaga was making his case, Kublai Khan sent a six-man delegation to demand that the Japanese emperor  travel  to Dadu and kowtow to him. The Japanese responded by beheading the Chinese diplomats, a terrible infringement of the Mongol law against abusing emissaries. Then Japan prepared for a second attack. The leaders of Kyushu took a census of all available warriors and weaponry. In addition, Kyushus landowning class was given the task of building a defensive wall around Hakata Bay, five to fifteen feet high and 25 miles long. Construction took five years with each landholder responsible for a section of the wall proportional to the size of his estate. Meanwhile, Kublai Khan established a new government division called the Ministry for Conquering Japan. In 1980, the ministry devised plans for a two-pronged attack the following spring, to crush the recalcitrant Japanese once and for all. The Second Invasion, 1281 In the spring of 1281, the Japanese got word that a second Yuan invasion force was coming their way. The waiting samurai sharpened their swords and prayed to Hachiman, the Shinto god of war, but Kublai Khan was determined to smash Japan this time and he knew that his defeat seven years earlier had simply been bad luck, due more to the weather than to any extraordinary fighting prowess of the samurai. With more forewarning of this second attack, Japan was able to muster 40,000 samurai and other fighting men. They assembled behind the defensive wall at Hakata Bay, their eyes trained to the west. The Mongols sent two separate forces this time- an impressive force of 900 ships containing 40,000 Korean, Chinese, and Mongol troops set out from Masan, while an even larger force of 100,000 sailed from southern China in 3,500 ships. The Ministry for Conquering Japans plan called for an overwhelming coordinated attack from the combined imperial Yuan fleets. The Korean fleet reached Hakata Bay on June 23, 1281, but the ships from China were nowhere to be seen. The smaller division of the Yuan army was unable to breach the Japanese defensive wall, so a stationary battle evolved. Samurai weakened their opponents by rowing out to the Mongol ships in small boats under cover of darkness, setting fire to the ships and attacking their troops, and then rowing back to land. These night-time raids demoralized the Mongols conscripts, some of whom had only recently been conquered and had no love for the emperor. A stalemate between the evenly-matched foes lasted for 50 days, as the Korean fleet waited for the expected Chinese reinforcements. On August 12, the Mongols main fleet landed to the west of Hakata Bay. Now faced with a force more than three times as large as their own, the samurai were in serious danger of being overrun and slaughtered. With little hope of  survival- and little thought of reward if they triumphed- the Japanese samurai fought on with desperate bravery. Japan's Miracle They say that truth is stranger than fiction, and in this case, its certainly true. Just when it appeared that the samurai would be exterminated and Japan crushed under the Mongol yoke, an incredible, miraculous event took place. On August 15, 1281, a second typhoon roared ashore at Kyushu. Of the khans 4,400 ships, only a few hundred rode out the towering waves and vicious winds. Nearly all of the invaders drowned in the storm, and those few thousand who made it to shore were hunted and killed without mercy by the samurai with very few returning to tell the tale at Dadu. The Japanese believed that their gods had sent the storms to preserve Japan from the Mongols. They called the two storms  kamikaze, or divine winds. Kublai Khan seemed to agree that Japan was protected by supernatural forces, thus abandoning the idea of conquering the island nation. The Aftermath For the Kamakura  bakufu, however, the outcome was disastrous. Once again the samurai demanded payment for the three months theyd spent warding off the Mongols. In addition, this time the priests who had prayed for divine protection added their own payment demands, citing the typhoons as evidence of the effectiveness of their prayers. The  bakufu  still had little to dispense, and what disposable riches they had  were given to the priests, who held more influence in the capital than the samurai. Suenaga did not even try to seek payment, instead commissioning the scroll where most modern understandings of this period come from as a record of his own accomplishments during both invasions. Dissatisfaction with the Kamakura  bakufu  festered among the ranks of the samurai over the following decades. When a strong emperor, Go-Daigo, rose in 1318 and challenged the authority of the  bakufu, the samurai refused to rally to the military leaders defense. After a complex civil war lasting 15 years, the Kamakura  bakufu  was defeated and the Ashikaga Shogunate assumed power over Japan. The Ashikaga family and all the other samurai passed down the story of the kamikaze, and Japans warriors drew strength and inspiration from the legend for centuries. As late as  World War II  from 1939 to 1945, Japanese imperial troops invoked the kamikaze in their battles against the Allied forces in the Pacific and its story still influences the natures culture to this day.